This glossary explains key terms commonly used in English exams, certifications, and language assessment contexts.

Academic Language & Skills

BICS	CALP
Cohesion	Coherence
Context	Discourse
Error	Genre
Interference	Mistake
Overgeneralisation	Register

Assessment & Exams

Appropriacy	Assessment
Band score	Benchmark
Correction code	Criteria
Descriptor	Exam
Gap-fill	Grade
Multiple-choice questions	Reliability
Test	True/false questions
Rubric	Validity

Classroom Interaction & Communication

Clarification	Feedback
Group Work	Interaction
Monitoring	Pair work
Peer	Peer assessment / correction
Rapport	Turn-taking

Language Teaching & Learning

CLIL	Communicative approach
CCQs	Controlled practice
Deductive learning	Drilling
Eliciting / elicit	Feedback
Freer practice	Guided discovery
Inductive learning	Input
ICQs	Learner autonomy
Modelling / model	Motivation
Output	Personalization
Scaffolding	Task-based learning (TBL / TBLT)

Reading & Listening Skills

Authentic material	Detailed listening / reading
Extensive reading / listening	Gist
Inference	Intensive reading / listening
Listening for attitude	Prediction
Reading for specific information	Scan

Speaking & Writing Skills

Accuracy	Argument
Cue Card	Fluency
Interaction pattern	Phonemic chart
Prompt	Proofread
Role-play	Self-correction
Supporting evidence	Word stress

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